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The chaos (or inventiveness) of the javascript ecosystem is reflected in all the choice you have to style React components.
\nIn this post I'll discuss some of the approaches you can take to style React components.
\nFrom the 2016 StateOfJs survey, we learned:
\nLooking at the result of the survey, it seems both SASS and Plain CSS are used by developers at the same level. But looking at the satisfaction rate, it turns out that developers who use SASS and CSS Modules are more satisfied with them compared to the other options.\n
Although it might seem like Plain CSS comes out on top, we find something interesting when we look at the correlation values of the heatmap.\n
According to the chart, there's a strong correlation between using plain CSS and not using a JavaScript framework for your client-side code; and conversely, using SASS means you're more likely to also use a front-end frameworks.\n
This is the default CSS-in-js approach that is baked into React. You pass an object with camelcased styles to your React component:
\n<div styles={{ color: \"red\" }}>red</div>
\nThis approach fits with the modularity of components. Let's say you have a button.js component. If you're only using inline styles then all your styling will be found in one place (or close by).
\nconst styles = {\n backgroundColor: \"#f8f8f8\",\n border: \"1px solid #dd\",\n padding: \"8px 16px\"\n};\nconst Btn = () => (\n <button style={styles}>Click me!</button>\n)
\nAdvantages:
\nDisadvantages
\nThe main reason I don't use this approach is because I prefer to write plain ole' css and it results in a lot of duplicated styling.
\nYou can also import a regular stylesheet.
\nIf you're using Webpack, you can include the css file in a React container component by installing style-loader and css-loader:
\nnpm i style-loader css-loader --save-dev
\nNext add this to the loaders section of your Webpack config file:
\nmodule: {\n rules: [{\n test: /\\.css$/,\n use: [\n 'style-loader',\n 'css-loader'\n ]\n }]\n}
\nFinally require the css in the entry point to your app:
\nimport './style.css';
\nAdvantages:
\nDisadvantages
\nStyled components is pretty nifty. To get started:
\nnpm i styled-components --save-dev
\nAnd here's how you use it.
\nimport React from 'react';\nimport styled from 'styled-components';\nconst Btn = styled.button`\n background-color: #f8f8f8;\n border: 1px solid #dd;\n padding: 8px 16px;\n`;\nclass App extends React.Component {\n render() {\n return(\n <div>\n <Btn />\n </div>\n );\n }\n}
\nStyled components lets you write traditional css write in your js files. You keep the style logic in javascript but still write conventional css (background-color: #f9f9f9 instead of { backgroundColor: '#f9f9f9' }).
\nStyled-components also makes it easer to import default styles and then modify them. This cuts down on the style duplication the traditional inline styles approach is vulnerable to.
\nYou can pass props with styled-components to handle logic:
\nconst Button = styled.button`\n /* If it's a small button use less padding */\n padding: ${props => props.small ? '0.25em 1em' : '0.5em 2em'};\n /* …more styles here… */\n`;\nconst App = () => (\n <Button small={true}>\n)
\nAnd manipulate styles based on device:
\nimport { css, styled } from 'styled-components'\nexport const media = {\n handheld: (...args) => css`\n @media (max-width: 420px) {\n ${ css(...args) }\n }\n `\n}\n// Make the text smaller on handheld devices\nconst Box = styled.div`\n font-size: 16px;\n ${ media.handheld`\n font-size: 14px;\n ` }\n`;
\nAphrodite is a clean way to write CSS in JavaScript and embed styles in individual UI components.
\nimport React from 'react';\nimport { StyleSheet, css } from 'aphrodite';\nconst styles = StyleSheet.create({\n red: {\n backgroundColor: 'red'\n }\n});\nconst App = () => (\n <span className={css(styles.red)}>\n This is red.\n </span>\n)
\nI don't think this is the best option, but I've used styled-jsx along with nextjs to style React components.
\nconst RedText = () => (\n <div>\n <p>only this paragraph will get the style :)</p>\n { /* you can include <Component />s here that include\n other <p>s that don't get unexpected styles! */ }\n <style jsx>{`\n p {\n color: red;\n }\n `}</style>\n </div>\n)
\n